The plastic monomer and plasticizer bisphenol a bpa is one of the highest volume chemicals produced worldwide, with over six billion pounds produced each year. Bisphenol a bpa current state of knowledge and future. Due to the rapid and complete excretion of orally administered bisphenol a, urine samples are considered as the appropriate body fluid for bisphenol a exposure assessment. Nov 14, 2012 increasing attention has been paid to bisphenol a and bisphenol bp analogues due to high production volumes, wide usage and potential adverse effects. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. Based on new data and methodologies, efsa has low ered the estimated safe level, known as the tolerable. National institute of environmental health sciences. What are the effects of bisphenol a on aquatic and soil organisms. Looking carefully at individual data, determination of bpa in urine does not provide the same exposure assessment as determination of total bpa. Bisphenol a, part 2 recommendations for risk management rivm. The assessment of aquatic risks has shown that both investigated compounds. Specifically, the only research that vom saal and hughes cited as evidence relating bpa to disease is a study by takeuchi et al.
This iris assessment for bisphenol a consists of hazard identification and doseresponse assessment data and. Bisphenol a bpa is an organic compound that is widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastic containers for food use, such as clear single use and multiple use drinks bottles. Vandenberg1, russ hauser2, michele marcus3, nicolas olea4, and wade v. Ecotoxicological risk assessment due to the presence of bisphenol a. No health risk for consumers from bisphenol a exposure the. Exposure analysis of bisphenol a in surface water systems. Bisphenol a bpa summary assessing and managing chemicals. Health canada last updated its risk assessment associated with bisphenol a bpa used in food packaging applications in august 2008. Assessment of daily human exposure to bpa in the general population by biomonitoring of urinary excretion of bpa metabolites also varies.
Concerns about bpa and the potential effects of its widespread use in commercial everyday products, including. It is a colorless solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but poorly soluble in water 0. Several areas of uncertainty remain in the risk assessment of bpa. Predicted bpa exposure levels from the bpa exposure assessment module beam were compared to multiple spot urine samples. Global assessment of bisphenol a in the environment. Existing human research has major limitations and the cost of serum and urinary bpa assay remains a challenge in evaluating bpa exposure and. Distribution and preliminary exposure assessment of bisphenol. Prenatal bisphenol a exposure and early childhood behavior. Increasing attention has been paid to bisphenol a and bisphenol bp analogues due to high production volumes, wide usage and potential adverse effects. We hope you will agree that the results of this indepth study and intensive cooperation will make a worthwhile contribution to the community objective of reducing the overall risks from exposure to chemicals. Exposure assessment of adult intake of bisphenol a bpa with emphasis on canned food dietary exposures. Occurrence of bisphenol a in surface water, drinking water and plasma from malaysia with exposure assessment from consumption of drinking water.
Exposure was assessed for various groups of the human population in three different ways. Many studies have reported tumorigenic effects and endocrine alterations associated with bpa in animal models. Office of health assessment and translation ohat division of the national toxicology p. This document describes the food and drug administrations fda safety assessment of bisphenol a bpa as it relates to exposure through use in food contact materials. Health canada in september 2012, health canada released an updated assessment of bpa. A comparative assessment of human exposure to tetrabromobisphenol a and eight bisphenols including bisphenol a via indoor dust ingestion in twelve countries author links open overlay panel wei wang a khalid o. Braun jm, yolton k, dietrich kn, hornung r, ye x, calafat am et al 2009b. Jan 05, 2017 bpa or bisphenol a has been in the news over the past several years. Polycarbonate plastics have many applications including use in some food and drink packaging, e. Bpa is used primarily in making polycarbonate plastic and some epoxy resins.
Health risk of exposure to bisphenol a bpa article pdf available in roczniki panstwowego zakladu higieny 661. Bisphenol a bpa is a chemical produced in large quantities for use primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Bisphenol af bpaf is considered a new bisphenol analogue which is used as raw material in plastic industry, but little is known about its occurrence in the environment and the potential associated risk. Issuance of safe use determination for exposures to. Distribution and preliminary exposure assessment of. Human safety assessment of bisphenol a page 5 oral exposure to the human population including sensitive subgroups that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime epa, 1993. In a recent article, vom saal and hughes 2005 proposed that a new risk assessment on bisphenol a bpa is needed because of the availability of extensive new literature, including recent epidemiologic evidence that bpa is related to disease in women. Bpa is also used in the internal coatings of some food and beverage cans. Bpa is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins used to line metal cans, and in many plastic consumer products including toys, water pipes, drinking containers, eyeglass lenses, sports safety. This study aims at assessing human exposure to bpa from olive oil. Request pdf bisphenol a exposure assessment from olive oil consumption the use of bisphenol a bpa in packaging has grown over the. Reprinted with the permission of the holder, amherst scientific publishers. The exposure assessment and qualitative and quantitative information from the toxicological profile. Updated exposure assessment for bisphenol a bpa from the consumption of adult canned food new data on canned food and beverages 5 memorandum dated 54 2011, baileyhatwellmihalov to.
Ecotoxicogenomics to support ecological risk assessment. This iris assessment for bisphenol a consists of hazard identification and doseresponse assessment data and provides support for epa risk management decisions. Science of the total environment 2012, 427428, 332338. Food records were also collected on the days that urine samples were collected to further evaluate the relationship between diet and urinary bpa levels. Bisphenol a bpa is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula ch 3 2 cc 6 h 4 oh 2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups. Polycarbonate is used to make food containers, such as reusable beverage bottles, tableware plates and mugs and storage containers. This assessment is particularly focused on the concerns for developmental toxicity identified in recent. Based on new data and methodologies, efsa has lowered the estimated safe level, known as the tolerable daily intake tdi, to 4 micrograms per kilogram of body weight per day. Bpa is a white solid at room temperature with a molecular weight of 228. Bisphenol a exposure assessment from olive oil consumption. Health canadas updated assessment of bisphenol a bpa.
Estimating bisphenol a exposure levels using a questionnaire targeting known sources of exposure volume 19 issue 4 sarah oppeneer nomura, lisa harnack, kim robien. Exposure assessment of adult intake of bisphenol a bpa with. Pmc free article geens t, roosens l, neels h, covaci a. Comparison of bisphenol a and bisphenol s percutaneous.
The 2015 efsa opinion highlighted an incomplete understanding of the effects of bpa on various toxicological outcomes, including effects on the. Assessment of human exposure to bisphenola, triclosan and tetrabromobisphenola through indoor dust intake in belgium. Pdf one of chemical found ubiquitously in our environment, bisphenol a bpa, has received a tremendous amount of attention from. Issuance of safe use determination for exposures to bisphenol. Effects on metabolic homeostasis and the epigenome. Exposure assessment of adult intake of bisphenol a bpa. For example, bpa is used in polycarbonate plastics, a high performance transparent, rigid plastic. Asimakopoulos a adrian covaci c bondi gevao d boris johnsonrestrepo e taha a. In january 2015, the european food safety authority efsa published a new opinion on. No health risk for consumers from bisphenol a exposure the bfr endorses the conclusion of the new efsa assessment. In toddler food, bpa concentrations were approximately 1 gkg on average. In recent years, concerns have been raised about bpas safety. Bpa or bisphenol a has been in the news over the past several years. Bisphenol a, public consultation, exposure assessment, toxicity, health risks, tdi 1 on request from efsa, question no efsa q20 00700 and no efsa 2014 00048, approved on 19 january 2015.
Summary notes bisphenol a bpa is a widely used chemical in polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. High ecotoxicological risk for bpa was characterized. Who toxicological and health aspects of bisphenol a. A multimedia assessment of the environmental fate of bisphenol a. The experts concluded that current dietary exposure to bpa through food packaging uses is not expected to pose a health. No health risk for consumers from bisphenol a exposure. Bisphenol a bpa is a chemical that is mainly used in combination with other chemicals to manufacture plastics and resins. Background on human health and environmental risk assessment. Grounds esr, po box 29 181, christchurch, new zealand received 23 august 2004.
The draft fda assessment of bisphenol a for use in food contact applications identifies the data and methods used to develop an exposure assessment and a toxicological profile. The use of bisphenol a bpa in packaging has grown over the past 50 years despite concerns of its migration into packaged food and beverages, resulting in human exposure. See epas about pdf page to learn more bisphenol a bpa summary pdf 22 pp, 214 k, march, 2010. Quantitative estimate of carcinogenic risk from oral exposure pdf 8 pp, 93 k. Indeed, urine concentration of total bpa in woman 29 of the cohort of 29 pregnant women is equal to 74542 ngml, far higher than the concentration in pregnant woman 15, determined at a level of 33. Bpa bisphenol a is a chemical used in certain food contact materials and first approved by fda in the early 1960s.
Fleisch af, sheffield pe, chinn c, edelstein bl, landrigan pj. Exposure analysis of bisphenol a in surface water systems in. Assessment of daily human exposure to bpa in the general population by biomonitoring of urinary excretion of bpa metabolites also varies widely, but has been estimated to be up to 0. At the time of that assessment, the department determined probable daily intakes pdi for bpa of 0. Scientific opinion on bisphenol a 2015 efsa explains the safety of bisphenol a bpa poses no health risk to consumers because cur rent exposure to the chemical is too low to cause harm. Variability and predictors of urinary bisphenol a concentrations during pregnancy. Although the assessment of potential global exposure might be. Review and analysis of its occurrence and bioaccumulation. Bisphenol a and related compounds in dental materials.
Childrens environmental health and disease prevention research centers meeting. For adult foods, 30 studies representing about samples from several countries were available, and the data were segregated according to food type. Office of health assessment and translation ohat division of the national toxicology p rogram. This opinion describes the assessment of the risks to public health associated with bisphenol a bpa exposure. This risk assessment improves our knowledge about the risks to human health and the environment from exposure to chemicals. Welshons5 1tufts university sackler school of graduate biomedical sciences, boston ma 02111 2department of environmental health, harvard school of public health, boston, ma 02115 3emory university, rollins school of public health, atlanta, ga 30322. Based on the results of the lifetime exposure cancer bioassays conducted by the u. Diet is considered the primary source of bpa exposure, due to the use of bpa in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins used in food packaging. Bpa is additionally used in many other consumer goods such as thermal receipt paper to be banned in the eu from 2020, toys and. Welshons5 1tufts university sackler school of graduate biomedical sciences, boston ma 02111 2department of environmental health, harvard school of public health, boston, ma 02115.
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